The DC Times

A New Way to Look at the Cowboys, NFL, and Fantasy Football

By Jonathan Bales

Cowboys Coverage: Tyron Smith and More on Shotgun

At Dallas News, I continued my 2013 projections with left tackle Tyron Smith.

The Numbers

I tracked Smith as allowing only three sacks in 2012, but there’s evidence that he might have gotten a little lucky with that number. He actually allowed pressure on Tony Romo on 6.0 percent of his snaps in pass protection—around the same rate as Doug Free. He also committed 11 penalties—second-most on the team. However, only three of those penalties came after Week 6 of the season.

Smith was the Cowboys’ best run blocker in 2012, and it wasn’t even close. Dallas running backs averaged 4.47 YPC with Smith at the point-of-attack—well above the overall average of 3.56 YPC. Overall, I gave Smith a B- grade in my final 2012 scouting report.

What I Like

Smith went through a lot of off-field issues last season. It’s a great sign that he was not only able to turn in a decent campaign, but also improve substantially at a new position as the year progressed. We have to remember that this is a player who won’t turn 23 until the end of the season. At an age when many players are rookies, Smith could be dominant in his third year in the league.

What I Don’t Like

There’s not much to dislike about Smith’s future. His pressure rate was way too high in 2012, so that will need to improve. Based on league averages, a left tackle who yields as many pressures as Smith did last year typically gives up around nine sacks.

And I posted another analysis of Shotgun at NBC:

Below, I broke down the Cowboys’ 2012 Shotgun plays based on the down.

  • First Down: 32.5 percent
  • Second Down: 33.6 percent
  • Third/Fourth Down: 33.8 percent

The distribution is pretty incredible with nearly the exact same number of plays across the three downs (if we count third and fourth down together). So while Dallas uses Shotgun on the majority of their third down plays, it’s not like they never run it on first or second down.

I also broke down the Shotgun plays via quarter. The first number below is the percentage of total Shotgun plays that occurred in each quarter. The second number is the percentage of those plays that were on third down. So in the first quarter, the Cowboys ran 15.1 percent of their total Shotgun plays, but 54.9 percent of those first quarter plays were on third down.

  • First Quarter: 15.1 percent/54.9 percent
  • Second Quarter: 24.6 percent/32.8 percent
  • Third Quarter: 21.3 percent/33.6 percent
  • Fourth Quarter/Overtime: 39.0 percent/26.4 percent

By Jonathan Bales

Fantasy Football: Aaron Rodgers, Josh Gordon, and a New Draft Value Chart

I’ve posted a few fantasy football articles in the last couple days. The first, published at rotoViz, is a look at why I much prefer Aaron Rodgers over Drew Brees.

I’m addicted to the Similarity Score Apps. There, I said it. If I had a set game plan detailing things I wanted to accomplish prior to fooling around with the apps for 60 minutes every day, I probably would have written way more than five articles so far. I feel like when someone says “Peyton Manning is such a risky pick” and you respond with “Well the difference between his high and low comps is just 2.7 points per game” despite the fact that you’re nowhere near a computer, it might be time to reassess your timemanagement.

So yeah, I like these things. The greatest contribution the apps can and will provide for me this season is a more fundamental understanding of risk and reward on an individual basis. I’ve long been a proponent of determining the potential distribution of outcomes for players because, aside from a median projection, it allows us to factor uncertainty into rankings. If you’re deciding between two second-round quarterbacks, both of whom you have projected at 18.0 points per game, it’s probably wise to go with the safest option due to the price of the pick.

That’s not always the case, though. Outside of the first few rounds, owners should seek more and more volatility as the cost of picks—and their expected return—declines. Why in the world would you draft Eli Manning in the ninth round when you can have Michael Vick a full round later? Think about it. In that range, you’re starting to get into backup quarterback territory; Manning and Vick are currently the 13th and 14th passers getting selected. If the hope is that you won’t need to start those players anyway, why not draft the one who has elite potential?

And what if you draft a backup quarterback as an insurance policy against a risky option? Let’s say it’s Russell Wilson. If Wilson goes down, the overall philosophy of your team should shift to take on more risk. When you’re an underdog seeking volatility, the last thing you want to see is Joe Flacco in your starting lineup.

Check out the quarterback volatility rankings right here. I also published two articles at RotoWire. The first proposes a new draft trade value chart.

For the purposes of creating the chart, I’ll use Pro Football Reference’s VBD calculations. VBD is a form of “value over replacement player” in which you subtract the points for a “baseline” player from each player’s total points. The baselines are the No. 12 quarterback, No. 24 running back, No. 30 wide receiver, and No. 12 tight end. There are probably issues with VBD like any other value metric, but it does a better job of capturing “usable” value for fantasy owners; the VBD for the No. 12 quarterback or No. 30 wide receiver would be 0. That seems about right considering those players – or the guys ranked behind them – really offer little worth to fantasy owners.

The Numbers

I graphed the VBD for all players chosen in the top 24 from 2008 to 2012.


The value of the top two overall selections has been higher than for any other picks. That fits well with my previous research and suggests that in most drafts, there are a handful of elite prospects and then a big drop to the second tier.

Still, the graph is a bit scattered and there doesn’t appear to be a major drop over the first two rounds. Below, I sorted the results into four-selection increments.


Here, you can see that the VBD drop is pretty linear. The average VBD for the top four picks has been close to 80 – around twice that for picks 21 through 24. As I mentioned, however, that doesn’t mean that two picks at the end of the second round are equivalent to one at the top of the first. Actually, we now have a foundation from which to begin to build our chart since we know that the No. 1 overall selection is worth more than the No. 23 and No. 24 picks combined.

More to come.

And the other article includes some of my 2013 breakout candidates. Here are the wide receivers:

Darrius Heyward-Bey, Colts
Heyward-Bey is considered a bust because of his high draft slot, but he’s gotten better each year he’s been in the league. On a per-target basis, DHB has also shown great improvement in his fantasy numbers. He has some competition in Indianapolis, but he also has a quarterback who can propel him to WR2 status.

Justin Blackmon, Jaguars
Blackmon’s suspension should be viewed as a blessing in disguise for fantasy owners. Instead of docking Blackmon four games worth of points when creating his projection, you should subtract four games of points and then add the points you’ll receive from a replacement receiver. Since his ADP has already dropped four rounds since getting suspended, that makes Blackmon perhaps the best value in the entire draft at this point. And the receiver’s 64/865/5 line from 2012 is actually really good for a rookie.

Josh Gordon, Browns
Wide receivers who stand 6-3, 225 pounds and possess sub-4.5 speed aren’t easy to find. Gordon showed flashes in his rookie year with numbers comparable to Blackmon’s – 50 receptions, 805 yards and five scores. Most important, the big-play threat just turned 22, meaning there’s a ton of room for development.


Gordon may or may not break out this year, but there’s little doubt that he’s a volcano waiting to erupt. The fact that he looked so polished at such a young age suggests 2013 could be the season, and I can’t think of a wide receiver who offers better value in dynasty leagues.

By Jonathan Bales

New Books in the “Fantasy Football for Smart People” Series

In case you didn’t notice those massive cover images I posted at the top of the blog, I published a few books this year. The first is an updated version of last year’s book Fantasy Football for Smart People: How to Dominate Your Draft.

Fantasy Football for Smart People: How to Dominate Your Draft offers in-depth fantasy football draft strategy. The aim of the book is to provide advanced material for experienced fantasy football owners and “bottom line” analysis for novices. The book is not a collection of player rankings or projections, but rather an assessment of various draft strategies and fantasy football tenants. It will provide a solid foundation from which you can improve as an owner to dominate your draft for a decade to come.

The second examines 25 fantasy football puzzles. It’s called Fantasy Football for Smart People: What the Experts Don’t Want You to Know.

Fantasy Football for Smart People: What the Experts Don’t Want You to Know contains solutions to 25 of fantasy football’s most pressing questions. What’s the best draft spot? Do running backs really break down after a lot of carries? How should you project rookies? What’s the best waiver wire strategy? What the Experts Don’t Want You to Know will answer these important questions—and give you a wealth of fantasy football knowledge along the way—to provide the edge you need to make the jump toward becoming an advanced fantasy football owner.

And the final book, Fantasy Football for Smart People: How to Cash in on the Future of the Game, is a look into the world of weekly fantasy football.

Fantasy Football for Smart People: How to Cash in on the Future of the Game is the first book of its kind to break down the actual strategies used by the top owners in the world of weekly fantasy football. With weekly fantasy football growing at an exponential rate, there’s a whole lot of money to be made, and advanced weekly owners are already cashing in to the tune of hundreds of thousands of dollars in profit. With input from one of the weekly fantasy football “sharks”—FFFC $150,000 winner Peter Jennings—How to Cash in on the Future of the Game will show you how to manage your money, select the perfect websites, make projections, and create lineups so that you can finally treat your hobby as you always wanted—as an investment.

All three books are available on Amazon in both paperback and Kindle form. You can buy PDFs of the book at FantasyFootballDrafting.com, where I’m also selling my 2013 draft package for just $4.99.

By Jonathan Bales

Running the Numbers: 4 Ways to Help a Running Game

At DallasCowboys.com, I proposed four ways the Cowboys can fix their running game. As you might have guessed, “blindly run it more often” didn’t make the list.

2. Pass the ball effectively.

When the Eagles were passing the ball more often than every other NFL team to start the millennium, they were frequently among the league’s most efficient rushing teams. Defenses were so worried about defending the Eagles’ passing offense that they conceded the run in many situations. There’s perhaps no easier way to open up running lanes for DeMarco Murray and Joseph Randle than to hit Dez Bryant deep downfield. Rushing and passing have a synergistic effect; rushing efficiently can set up the pass, but passing the ball with success can also open up the run, creating a cycle that’s very difficult to halt.

3. Run the ball with “11” personnel and from spread formations.

It seems obvious at first glance: If you want to pound the rock, bring in the big boys and line them up tight. While that might be the most effective direction to go in isolation, football is a game of competing minds. When the Cowboys go heavy, so does the defense. When they line up tight, so does the defense. Many times, such packages and formations simply increase the number of blocks the offense needs to make for a play to work.

The Cowboys have typically found the most success rushing from “11” personnel – three receivers, one running back, and one tight end. That’s probably because 1) they spread the field and 2) defenses bring in smaller nickel personnel. Last year, Dallas averaged 4.35 yards per carry (YPC) with “11” personnel, but only 3.31 YPC on all other rushes. When all is said and done, the rookie who could help the Cowboys’ rushing game the most might actually be Terrance Williams. If he can catch some passes and block well enough that the Cowboys feel comfortable using him even when they want to run the ball, the team should be able to improve their rushing efficiency.

Here’s the full post.

By Jonathan Bales

Examining the Cowboys’ Shotgun Running Game

Why don’t the Cowboys run more out of Shotgun? I took a look at NBC.

In 2012, the Cowboys used shotgun on over 50 percent of their offensive snaps (548). Many of those were on third down or late in games when defenses knew they’d pass, but many were also in normal game situations. I tracked the run/pass balance from each formation.

Gun 3 Wide Pro: 18 passes, 0 runs
Gun 5 Wide: 39 passes, 0 runs
Gun Spread: 96 passes, 3 runs
Gun Tight End Spread: 140 passes, 13 runs
Gun Tight End Trips: 85 passes, 22 runs
Gun Trips: 129 passes, 2 runs

So the Cowboys had 548 plays from a shotgun formation, but ran the ball from gun just 40 times (7.3 percent). That wouldn’t be a problem if the team used shotgun solely in pass-only situations, but Garrett called for shotgun quite often in the first half, in close games, on first and second down, and so on. That’s an advantage to the defense, even if they don’t know where the ball will be thrown, because the defensive line can pin their ears back and come right after Tony Romo. The Cowboys could theoretically hit them with a screen pass to stop the rush, but they don’t; they ran all of eight screen passes to running backs in 2012.

Check it out right here.

By Jonathan Bales

Is this the year that Jason Witten will break down?

At Dallas News, I argued that Jason Witten is in for a steep decline in production in 2013.

The Numbers

Yes, Witten hauled in 110 passes in 2012, but that’s due primarily to a massive workload in situations when the Cowboys were forced to throw the football. Of Witten’s 110 receptions, 79 came when the Cowboys were losing and 25 came when the team was tied. That means that Witten caught all of six passes when the Cowboys were winning last year. Six passes!

Bulk stats can be important, but efficiency stats better predict future play. How will Witten perform in 2013 if he sees only 130 targets instead of the career-high 150 he had last season? On a per-catch and per-target basis, Witten actually wasn’t at his best in 2012. His average reception went for just 9.4 yards—a career-low—and he also checked in below seven yards per target. Even on a per-route basis, Witten’s steady decline continued. . .

The truth is that Witten didn’t play any better in 2012 than he did in prior seasons—he was actually slightly worse—but he just saw way more opportunities.

Check out the whole article.

By Jonathan Bales

Running the Numbers: Projecting Escobar, Williams, and Randle in 2013

My latest “Running the Numbers” entry is a projection of the Cowboys’ skill position rookies. Here’s a preview on Williams:

WR Terrance Williams

The selection of Williams was intriguing for Dallas because his production will likely be inversely connected to that of Escobar in 2013. Since the two won’t be on the field together too often unless a starter gets injured, Williams’ production will increase as Escobar’s declines, and vice versa.

The ’Boys probably want to see Escobar on the field more than Williams simply because that would mean the team is winning more often. Last year, the Cowboys were forced into using at least three receivers on 56 percent of their snaps. That won’t happen again this year. Barring injury, it’s more likely that Williams will play around 45 percent of the Cowboys’ snaps. That would probably put him in the range of about 475 total plays.

Historically, Romo has targeted his No. 3 receiver on around 12 percent of snaps with at least three receivers on the field. There’s no reason to think that rate will change much in 2013, giving Williams 57 targets. No. 3 receivers often haul in a high percentage of their looks, usually around 65 percent. Williams’ rate could actually be a bit lower since he figures to see a lot of downfield targets. His catch rate will probably hover around 60 percent, but he could easily average 16.0 YPR. Those figures would give him 34 receptions for 544 yards. Like Escobar, Williams could help Dallas in the red zone as early as this year. With 34 catches, Williams should be able to find the end zone at least four times.

  • Final Projection: 34 receptions, 544 yards, 4 TDs

To the guy who commented “I have cut and pasted this idiots projection numbers, and saved them on a word document, to later review after the season”….

Please do. Maybe you could submit your projections for the players and we’ll see who is closer at the end of the year. Sound good?

By Jonathan Bales

Projecting Barry Church in 2013

I love the way safety Barry Church fits into Monte Kiffin’s defense and I think he’s poised for a big year. At Dallas News, I projected his 2013 stats.

The Numbers

Prior to the 2012 season, Church led all Cowboys defenders by making a tackle on 10.5 percent of his snaps in the previous two years. At 6-1, 222 pounds, he’s always showed promise as a run defender. Church’s perceived weakness has been in coverage; on 15 targets prior to the 2012 season, Church allowed 12 completions.

Although he saw limited playing time before getting injured last year, Church showed improvement in the passing game. He looked more fluid, even in a defensive scheme that didn’t really complement his skill set. Church allowed only three completions on seven attempts, yielding 30 total yards (4.29 YPA).

Most important, Church is going to play in the box a whole lot in 2013. Everyone thinks Kiffin runs solely Cover 2, but that’s not the case. We’ll see some Cover 2 elements from Dallas this year, but the defense will likely play a whole lot more Cover 3. In that coverage, the two cornerbacks and free safety play deep, while the strong safety—Church—plays an underneath zone. That’s where he’s going to flourish, playing the “Kam Chancellor” role for Kiffin. Plus, don’t forget that the defensive coordinator has experience getting the most out of large safeties; John Lynch was nearly the exact same size as Church.

What I Like

Church is quicker than you might think. Although he doesn’t possess great straight-line speed, he actually recorded a 4.17 short shuttle heading into the draft a few years ago—an outstanding time for someone his size. Playing underneath, Church has the potential to thrive in this defense.

By Jonathan Bales

More on Cowboys’ Three/Four-Receiver Packages

At NBC, I’ve been taking a look at how the Cowboys might implement different personnel packages in 2013. Yesterday, I published an article detailing why they should run it more with three receivers on the field.

On their 86 designed runs with “11” personnel—one running back, one tight end, and three receivers—the Cowboys averaged 4.35 YPC in 2012. Compare that to just 3.31 YPC on all other runs. In addition to using the proper personnel, though, it’s also important to run the ball at the right times. And those “right times” might not be what you think.

The primary reason that rushing from three-receiver sets works is that it is unusual. When defenses see three receivers on the field, they generally expect a pass. Using the same thinking, offenses can often find rushing success in passing situations simply because the down-and-distance implies a pass is coming. Did you know that rushing the ball is more effective than passing on every down-and-distance from third-and-one to third-and-four? And it’s actually just a tad less successful all the way up until third-and-10. It’s not that running the ball on third down is inherently beneficial, but rather defenses gear up so much to defend the pass that they become susceptible to the run. The fact that most NFL teams pass the ball on third down—even third-and-short—benefits those offenses who decide to run it.

And today, I examined why I don’t like four-receiver sets.

The ‘Boys now have three quality pass-catching tight ends, but the selection of Williams gives the team flexibility with their personnel packages. While Williams might have been drafted primarily as the eventual replacement for Miles Austin, the Cowboys would still be wise to utilize his skills in 2013. But don’t forget that slot man Dwayne Harris showed a lot of promise last season. Unless there’s an injury ahead of him, however, he likely won’t see the field often this year.

That’s because the Cowboys don’t typically run many four-receiver sets. I counted only 29 in all of 2012—fewer than two per game. Tony Romo passed on all 29 dropbacks, completing 17 of them for 172 yards (5.93 YPA), two touchdowns, and two interceptions. That’s a paltry quarterback rating of 69.9. It’s really no surprise; Romo and the ‘Boys have struggled mightily with four receivers in the past. That’s likely because the offense is forced into an empty-set with no one in the backfield, i.e. no threat to run the ball.

By Jonathan Bales

Projecting Morris Claiborne in 2013

At Dallas News, I broke down how I think Morris Claiborne will perform in 2013.

Claiborne will likely be in coverage about as often as he was in 2012, i.e. around 500 snaps. The cornerback will be targeted more often because of the nature of the Cowboys’ new defense, so 85 targets isn’t an unreasonable expectation. If Claiborne improves upon his 2012 mark and allows only 1.05 yards per coverage snap, we’re looking at 525 yards allowed on 85 passes—6.18 yards per target. Such an improvement fits well with how other top 10 cornerbacks have progressed in the past.

Playing near the line of scrimmage on a more frequent basis, there’s a good chance that Claiborne’s tackles will increase; he should be good for 70. And while interceptions are the most difficult stat to project, I’m confident that Claiborne will see a sizeable jump. With more targets and plenty of zone coverage, look for the second-year cornerback to bring in five picks on the season.

Here’s the full article.